An arraignment is usually the first formal court hearing in a criminal case. It is short but important, since decisions about pleas, bail and lawyers happen quickly.
What happens
- The judge confirms your identity and reads or summarizes the charges.
- The judge informs you of your rights, including the right to a lawyer.
- You enter a plea, commonly not guilty at this stage.
- The judge addresses bail or release conditions.
- The court sets the next date.
Pleas
- Not guilty, which preserves your rights and starts the process toward a possible trial or negotiation.
- Guilty or no contest, which are usually better discussed with a lawyer first.
How to prepare
- Arrive early and dress neatly.
- Bring documents and any court paperwork.
- Request a public defender if you cannot afford a lawyer.
- Do not discuss your case in the hallway.
- Make sure you understand release conditions.
After arraignment
Your lawyer reviews evidence from the prosecution, called discovery, and may file motions. Many cases are resolved through negotiation. Attend every hearing, because missing court can result in a warrant.
Frequently asked questions
Is arraignment the same as a trial?
No. It is a preliminary hearing.
Do I need to talk at arraignment?
Your lawyer usually speaks for you. The judge may ask you simple questions.