The Americans with Disabilities Act prohibits employers with 15 or more employees from discriminating against qualified people with disabilities and requires reasonable accommodations in many situations.
Who is covered
A disability is a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, and the definition is read broadly. You must be able to perform the essential functions of the job with or without a reasonable accommodation.
Examples of accommodations
- Modified schedules or remote work in some cases.
- Ergonomic equipment or assistive technology.
- Reassignment to a vacant position.
- Changes to how tasks are done.
- Leave for treatment beyond what other policies provide.
How to request one
- Tell your employer you need a change because of a medical condition. You do not have to use special words.
- Put the request in writing and keep a copy.
- Be ready to provide medical information supporting the need.
- Participate in the "interactive process" where you and the employer discuss options.
- Follow up on timelines.
Limits and next steps
An employer need not provide an accommodation that causes undue hardship. If your request is ignored or you face retaliation, document events and consider filing a charge with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission or a state agency, usually within 180 or 300 days.
Frequently asked questions
Can an employer ask about my diagnosis?
It may ask for enough information to understand your limitation and need, but not for unrelated medical details.
Does the ADA cover temporary conditions?
Some temporary impairments can qualify depending on severity.